IBN TAYMIYAH, TAQI AL-DIN AHMADتقي الدين أبو العباس أحمد بن عبد الحليم بن عبد السلام بن عبد الله ابن تيمية الحراني (January 22, 1263 – 1328 CE), a prominent, influential, and sometimes controversial thinker and political figure. Born in Harran to a family of Hanbali scholars (including his paternal grandfather, uncle, and father), Ibn Taymiyah
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IBN KHALDUN, `ABD AL-RAHMAN (1332-14o6), influential thinker about Arab social structures and processes. Ibn Khaldun was born inTunis, at a time whenNorth Africa, part of the Arab Muslim empire in decline, consisted of small states riddled by rivalries and plots. In this atmosphere, Ibn Khaldun entered public life and held different positions including those of
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IBN IDRIS, AHMAD (1749/50-1837), Moroccan Sufi and teacher and founder of the Idrisiyah tradition. Despite his importance within nineteenth-century Islamic history, very little is known of the life of Ibn Idris, and contemporary accounts are sparse. Ibn Idris was born near Larache in Morocco into a family of Idrisi sharifs. He studied for some thirty
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IBN BADIS, `ABD AL-HAMID ( December 4, 1889, Constantine — April 16, 1940), Islamic reformer, national leader, and head of the Association of Algerian `Ulama’. `Abd al-Hamid ibn Badis was born inConstantine,Algeria, to a prominent Berber family renowned for its scholarship, wealth, and influence. Ibn Badis received an Islamic education and in I 9o8 attended the famous Zaytunah
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IBNAL-`ARABI, MUHYI AL-DIN (1165-1240),’Abū ‘Abdillāh Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn `Arabī (أبو عبد الله محمد ابن علي ابن محمد ابن عربي ) was born in Murcia, Taifa of Murcia on the 17th of Ramaḍān 561 AH (27th or 28 July 1165 AD). He went by the names al-Shaykh al-Akbar, Muḥyiddin ibn Arabi, influential Sufi mystic and writer. Ibn `Arabi is known as “the
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IBN `ABD AL-WAHHAB, MUHAMMAD (1703-22 June 1792), Saudi Arabian conservative theologian and reformer. Born in al-`Uyaynah inNajd, Ibn `Abd alWahhab belonged to a prestigious family of jurists, both theologians and qadis (judges). Under the tutorship of his father, young Muhammad studied Hanbali jurisprudence and read classical works on tafsir (exegesis), hadith (tradition) and tawhid (monotheism).
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IBADIYAH. A moderate sect known as Ibadiyah (or Abadiyah), which finds its origin in the Khariji division of Islam, originated late in the first century AH (seventh century CE), when a group of Muslims broke away from the Kharijis. Prominent among them was `Abd Allah ibn Ibad, from whom the movement takes its name. A
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IBADI DYNASTY. The moderate sect of Khariji origin known as the Ibadiyah was introduced into Oman first through access to the many Omani tribes settling in Basra and by missionaries from the sect’s headquarters in Basra early in the eighth century CE (first-second century AH). Some of the early Ibadi scholars and influential leaders were
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ISMA’IL RAJI AL-FARUQI(1921-1986), Islamic scholar and activist. Born in Jaffa, Palestine, Fqrugi received an education that made him trilingual (Arabic, French, and English) and provided him with multicultural intellectual sources that informed his life and thought. He studied at the mosque school, attended a French Catholic school, College des Freres (St. Joseph) in Palestine, and
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